Patients undergoing cancer treatment are encouraged to eat enough food to maintain their weight — even if they’re overweight. But once treatment ends, the goal becomes getting as lean as possible without being underweight.
For many people, this requires that dietary adjustments be made. Instead of focusing on the quantity of calories needed to keep their weight stable during treatment, cancer survivors should focus more on the quality of the calories they’re eating after treatment.
We spoke to City of Hope dietitian Elaine Siu, who gave us her top 10 recommendations for leading a healthier lifestyle after cancer treatment.
Maintain as lean a frame as possible without becoming underweight.
Learn your body mass index (BMI) to see if you are at a healthy weight for your height.
Obesity is associated with many ailments, including diabetes, heart disease, stroke and high blood pressure. It has also been linked to increase people’s risk of cancer.
Even if you have a healthy BMI, a larger waistline and carrying more belly fat is also linked to increased cancer risk.
Adjust food portion size.
Eat larger portions of fruits and vegetables.
Eat smaller portions of meat, starches and desserts.
Use smaller plates to encourage smaller portions.
Measure foods when cooking.
Share leftovers with family and friends.
Be physically active for at least 30 minutes every day.
You don’t have to exercise for 30 minutes at once. You’ll get the same health benefits if you break the allotted time up into two or three smaller sessions.
Limit sedentary activities like watching TV, surfing the internet and playing video games.
Limit sugary foods and drinks.
No more than 10 percent of daily calories should come from sugar. If you’re eating a 2,000 calorie a day diet, that amounts to around 12 teaspoons of sugar. One teaspoon of sugar is equal to four grams. Most Americans eat about 20 teaspoons of sugar per day.
Avoid eating fast foods.
Limit consumption of foods and drink that are processed or high in added sugar.
Eat a wide variety of vegetables, fruits, whole grains, legumes and other high fiber foods.
Aim for at least five servings of fruits and vegetables every day.
Attempt to make two thirds of the foods you eat plant-based.
Avoid frying your fruits and vegetables, or covering them in creamy sauces. Instead, steam, broil, microwave, sauté or bake them.
Men should limit all alcoholic beverages to two per day, and women should only have one.
Avoid a diet high in sodium.
It is recommended that people have no more than 2300mg of salt in a day.
90 percent of American eat too much sodium.
Substitute herbs and spices for salt.
So-called low sodium foods and condiments may still have a lot of salt. Read labels to be sure of what you’re ingesting.
Do not rely on supplements for a healthy diet.
Try your best to meet your nutritional needs through diet alone.
Before incorporating any supplements in your diet, talk to your doctor.
Supplements are not recommended for cancer prevention.
From apps to websites to plain old pen and paper, there are many ways to track your caloric intake. If you’re looking for a place to start, try the USDA’s SuperTracker, which can give you a personalized nutrition and activity plan.
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